MYAID Ortho-Glide Knee Exerciser/Slider for Rehabilitation After Surgery

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Patellar-glide test: This test is used to evaluate the instability. A medial/lateral displacement of the patella greater than or equal to 3 quadrants, with this test, is consistent with incompetent lateral/medial restraints. Lateral patellar instability is more frequent than medial instability. Overuse injuries occur when training type, frequency, duration or intensity exceeds the body's ability to repair itself. These types of conditions are more common in athletes such as runners, or someone starting an overzealous exercise program. At times overuse of the anterior knee can also occur as a result of vocational activities, especially those that require repetitive squatting, stair climbing or walking. It must be remembered though that overuse injuries can present as an acute re-exacerbation of a condition; consequently an acute on chronic condition is not uncommon with PFPS. Popliteofibular ligament: located on the posterolateral aspect of the knee joint, extending from the popliteus muscle to the medial aspect of the fibula. Tsai, C. H., Hsu, C. J., Hung, C. H., & Hsu, H. C. Primary traumatic patellar dislocation. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research. 2012: 7(1), 21

The tibial collateral ligament is the strong, flat ligament of the medial aspect of the knee joint. The tibial collateral ligament, in addition to its fibular counterpart, acts to secure the knee joint and prevent excessive sideways movement by restricting external and internal rotation of the extended knee. The tibial collateral ligament is sometimes divided the literature into superficial and deep parts: Although palpation does not always correlate exactly to the location of pathology in general musculoskeletal conditions, it does appear to be more sensitive in the patient with anterior knee pain than in those without. 38 In their study following examination and palpation, the physicians were blinded from the patient pain diagram. The physicians filled out a pain diagram to see if their perception from physical examination was similar to the patient self-reported diagram. Eighty-five percent of all patient complaint zones were included in the physician's diagram. Additionally, Nunes et al 2 indicate tenderness on palpation of the patellar edges is evident in 71-75% of people with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Deyle G., Allison S., Matekel R., Ryder M., Stang J., Gohdes D., Hutton J., Henderson N., Garber M. Physical therapy treatment effectiveness for osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized comparison of supervised clinical exercise and manual therapy procedures versus a home exercise program. Phys Ther 2005 Dec;85(12):1301-1317. The “en masse” approach is utilized due to the strong connection between the structures in the healing mass. Thus the “en masse” technique allows the surgeon to take advantage of the body's healing response in this area rather than individually repairing each component of the lateral side ligaments. The Knee Glide features a convenient carrying handle and weighs just three pounds, making it easy to transport. It can be attached to the wall for added stability during use.Frosch, S., Balcarek, P., Walde, T. A., Schuttrumpf, J. P., Wachowski, M. M., Ferleman, K. G. & Frosch, K. H. Die therapie der patellaluxation: eine systematische literaturanalyse. Z Orthop Unfall, 2011;149(06): 630-45 Eldridge J. Kneecap Dislocation (Patella Dislocation). Available from: http://www.kneesurgeonbristol.co.uk/conditions-treatments/kneecap-dislocation/ (accessed 06/11/2016) Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) can create PFPS symptoms that are deep in the knee often described as behind the patella. Patellar chondral OCDs are less common than those at the lateral portion of the medial femoral condyle. 10 Patellar dislocations frequently result in an OCD lesion. However because these lesions both lie directly behind the patella they are often very symptomatic and seem to be patellar in nature. Intermittent knee effusions and painful weight bearing would indicated a need for special imaging to rule this condition out. 11

Woo R, Busch M. Management of patellar instability in children. Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine. 1998;6(4):247-258. Traumatic kneecap dislocation is typically the result of a sports injury and about 2/3 of the cases occur in young, active patients under the age of 20. [4] In case of traumatic dislocation conservative management may be preferred although nearly half of all patients with a first-time dislocation will suffer additional dislocations. [3] Subjects may even develop patellar instability, (aspecific) pain, patellofemoral arthritis or even chronic patellofemoral instability, depending on the presence and severity of the anatomic damage. [5] Patella dislocation with a specific functional or anatomical cause [ edit | edit source ] Execution: The patient jumps on one leg as often as possible during 30s between two lines at a distance of 40 cm. [10](level of evidence 4) Nordin, M., & Frankel V. H. (2012). Basic biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. Kannus R, Jòzsa L, Renström R, Järvtoen M, Kvist M, Lento M et al. The effects of training, immobilization and remobilization on musculoskeletal tissue. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine Science in Sports. 2007;2(3):100-118.Patients experience Anterior Knee Pain and episodes of mechanical instability. [2] The pain can be aggravated by activities such as up and down the stairs, sports such as running, hopping and jumping, and changing direction. Upon functional assessment the patient may struggle with control of the patella, resulting in the patella being pull from midline, therefore to assess this you need to observe what is happening to the patella during static and dynamic movements such as squatting / lunging. The menisci are held in place by several ligaments, including the transverse ligament, meniscofemoral ligaments and meniscotibial (coronary) ligaments. By stabilizing the menisci, these ligaments are also indirectly involved in preventing displacement of the knee joint. Measurement of standing leg length measurement taken with flexible tape measure from anterior superior iliac spine to medial malleolus. A difference in length of limbs greater than 1.5cm is thought to be pathologic. Execution: Squat on a single leg (compare both legs). Attention should be paid that the knee does not go into a valgus movement and stays above the foot. The pelvis must remain stable (no dropping or turning). [10](level of evidence 4)